(b) Maximum genetic diversity from the A-line chosen. In many crops like pearl millet, sorghum and maize, hybrid seed production programme has been pursued and many of the hybrid varieties have been released. 7.1). But in case of non-availability of suitable male sterile line, the fertile line or a self incompatible line can be used where manual labour will be needed. We'll assume you're ok with this, but you can opt-out if you wish. Production and Improvement of F1 Hybrids. Before sharing your knowledge on this site, please read the following pages: 1. Choice and Development of Seed Parent (A-Line) 2. The following points highlight the four main steps of hybrid seed production. Next to cereals, oilseeds and pulses are the major crops in India. The objective of this training is to teach participants the fundamentals of seed production using practical techniques. For maintenance of R-line, the plot should be completely isolated from others. Content Guidelines 2. Singh et al. This training will offer an opportunity for crop growers to learn the principles and techniques to achieving this. Why does plant cell possess large sized vacuole? Then these developed lines are again crossed with A-line to seek out the male sterile line. Maintenance and Multiplication of Parental Seeds 4. Fax: +44 208 7113786 The inbreds are evaluated for their agronomic traits and on the basis of general combining ability. At maturity the seeds of A-rows are harvested separately and carefully as these hybrids and also the R-line seeds are harvested for next use. Share Your Word File What are the three important components of biodiversity? Any kind of change in the population should be discarded by the breeder which may occur due to random pollination and mutation. These lines are then back-crossed repeatedly with IBC lines which will help to develop the male sterile line with desirable attributes. Transfer of male sterility is required when disease susceptibility or unwanted agronomic traits are associated with male sterile character. Oyo State, Nigeria. Successful hybrid seed production depends on the synchrony between the flowering of seed parent (A-line) and male fertile parent (R-Line). Production of quality seed differs from crop to crop. The second component which is required for hybrid production is the male parent or restorer lines which are essentially inbred lines, like A-lines. Two Hundred US dollars ($200) only or Equivalent in Naira, CFA or Euro. This is a question and answer forum for students, teachers and general visitors for exchanging articles, answers and notes. The steps are: 1. (c) High specific combining ability of the cross between A-line and the R-line. Choice and Development of Restorer or Male Parent (R-Line) 3. Production and Improvement of F … In determining how best to use this Guide, companies should consider the needs of the market place and customer demands so that the appropriate Maintenance and Multiplication of Parental Seeds: Step # 4. The choice of parents for restorer line specifically depends on the presence of few attributes like: (a) Ability to produce abundant pollen grains (profuse pollen production). Tel: +234 700800IITA, +1 201 6336094 In case of monoclinous plants like maize, the male flowers can be removed easily as these are borne on apices of the plants. procedures and technologies involved in the production of quality seeds of oilseeds and pulses. For improvement of F1 hybrids, the parental lines should be improved. 08034035281, 08034035282 If the incidence of diseases (for which the inbred lines are not resistant) occurs, breakdown of male sterility in A-line and genetic weakness (like combining ability, nutritional quality) appear, then these drawbacks can be removed by changing the parental lines. This website uses cookies to improve your experience. (c) This process is continued upto S5 or S6 generation. In the border rows also, the B-lines are grown which supply sufficient pollen for pollinating A-line. Seed quality is a multiple concept comprising several components (Thomson, 1979). The arrangement is same except the B-lines have been substituted by R-lines. The technologies involved in the certified and foundation stages of seed production from seed selection to storage including the quality standards What are the general characters of bryophytes? Name the types of nitrogenous bases present in the RNA. Top 4 Methods Used in Cross-Pollinated Crops | Breeding, Top 2 Ways to Promote Cross Pollination | Plant Breeding, Top 3 Methods Used in Self Pollinated Crops | Breeding Methods. Succesful crop production is linked to having the right seed, of the right quality, grown in the right environment and under the right conditions. The difference in seed vigour is the differential manifestation of the deteriorative process occurring in the seed before the ultimate loss of ability to germinate. There are some . In this method instead of using A-line as non-recurrent parent, the B-line is back-crossed with a parent of desirable donors and the new line formed is termed as IBC. In case of food grain crops where the number of seeds produced in each pollination is restricted, there the cytoplasmic-genetic male sterile line should be used as seed parent. Do eukaryotic cells have restriction endonucleases? But in case of developing cytoplasmic-genetic male sterility, it should possess required agronomic characters and maintenance of male sterility is needed through B-line or maintainer line. Maintenance and Multiplication of Parental Seeds 4. Explain the process of formation of urine. The male sterile line and also the R-line should be resistant to probable diseases particularly seed borne diseases. This website includes study notes, research papers, essays, articles and other allied information submitted by visitors like YOU. Choice and Development of Seed Parent (A-Line): Step # 2. Step # 1. Yeast: Origin, Reproduction, Life Cycle and Growth Requirements | Industrial Microbiology, How is Bread Made Step by Step? What is meant by excretion? This method follows the repeated back- crossing of existing male sterile line (non-recurrent parent) possessing the desirable characteristics. After identification of a male sterile line (A-line), it should be maintained by an isogenic B-line. Seed which perform well at sowing are termed as quality seed and based on the degree of performance in production of elite seedling it is classified as high, medium and low vigour seed. Steps in quality Seed Prod uction . Our mission is to provide an online platform to help students to share notes in Biology. On maturity the seeds of B-line are harvested first and kept separately. The seed parent or the female parent of a commercial hybrid should be a male sterile line. In case of cross-pollinated crops, the hybrid programme is based on 3 lines: A-line (ms), B-line (Maintainer) and R-line (Restorer) — all homozygous inbreds are maintained by the breeder. But in case of vegetable crops where seed is not the economic product and also only a single pollination will produce many seeds, there fertile pure line can be used as seed parent. Privacy Policy3. Choice and Development of Restorer or Male Parent (R-Line): Step # 3. (With Methods)| Industrial Microbiology, How is Cheese Made Step by Step: Principles, Production and Process, Enzyme Production and Purification: Extraction & Separation Methods | Industrial Microbiology, Fermentation of Olives: Process, Control, Problems, Abnormalities and Developments. The components are divided in four Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. Introduction • Seed play an important role in any technology embedding and we have to produce pure, quality, resistant, healthy seeds for production of healthy food to satisfy our needs. TOS4. Then the seeds of A-line are harvested. At the end of the training, participants will have: Farm managers, Farm Technicians, Seed Producers, Anyone interested in producing high quality cassava, maize and soybean. The desirable attributes which should be considered for a male sterile line or A-line development are: Male sterile line should not be too tall or too dwarf. What is the reserve food material in red algae? For F1 hybrid seed production, A-line and R-line are grown together in 4: 2 ratio in hybrid production block (Fig. Quality Seed Production By Dr. S. S. Jena ASCO, Bolangir 2. BIOLOGIX S Page | 131 teps in quality Seed Production Production of quality seed differs from crop to crop. The male sterile line under use must have a high general combining ability, so that it can combine well with R-lines to produce a large number of hybrids. An ideal male sterile line should maintain its sterility under all environmental conditions. Consequently, production of quality seed in paramount in ensuring a food secure future especially in sub Saharan Africa. 08034035283 As the main objective is more hybrid seed production, thus male sterile lines should possess a high productivity potential. Botany, Plant Breeding, Hybrid Seed Production, Steps, Steps of Hybrid Seed Production. • The main aim of seed production is to produce genetically pure and good quality seed.
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