We are NIASA, EcoHort and BioSecure HACCP acredited, Copyright ROOTSTOCK SERVICES 2018 | Website by grendesign, a Frankston Website Designer. SOPHIE THOMSON: Wonderful. I'm in the South Australian Riverland, around 260 kilometres north-east of Adelaide. IAN TOLLEY: Well it's a pleasure for me too. Space to play or pause, M to mute, left and right arrows to seek, up and down arrows for volume. When the temperature starts to go above 14 degrees, you've got root development. You just go to its leaves and if the leaves are shiny and really firm and cool - more than anything, they're cool to your touch - then you know the plant is happy, so go away. SOPHIE THOMSON: If you go to the Gardening Australia website, you'll find Ian's guide to identifying the right rootstock for your garden. ", "Settle the plant in, then put some mix around it without piling it in. "Sunburn's a very serious matter. "Make your own mind up," says Ian, "because generally, no matter where you're living, you can grow a good variety, so long as you get the right rootstock - that's the important thing - so the selection of the variety's not as important as having the rootstock because that does so many things for you. Make sure you've added enough water to just have the odd few drips out of the bottom of your pot. Contact us today to see if we can grow your rootstock. Citrus rootstock used to dwarf the variety grafted onto it. Stick it straight in the bucket of water. Stick it straight into a bucket of water and let the bubbles come up. Sophie wants to know why all Ian's potted citrus trees have white trunks. I'm still in love with citrus! The plants we received were vigorous and healthy and simple to pot out using the biodegradable tubes there were supplied in. Stand back and work out where you want to go and you can get straight in. That's the year to start shaping your tree - getting the number of terminals down and you start to get the tree back to a normal crop, every year. SOPHIE THOMSON: And that brings us to the last of Ian's tips for citrus success - pruning. It can kill trees. SOPHIE THOMSON: Ian I've got ask. If you're getting a normal crop year after year, you don't have to worry, but if you see a very light crop coming your way, that's red for danger. SOPHIE THOMSON: Ok, so where do we start? Now he's meant to be semi-retired, but he seems as busy as ever! Since the business was acquired by Mansfield’s Propagation Nursery and Tissue Culture Australia, we have been adding more genus to our range of rootstocks and food crops that we grow. Don't damage it - lift the roots out and spread it over the whole of the pot. Budwood for propagation should be sourced from Auscitrus to ensure freedom from exocortis viroid (CEV) and other viroids that can … IAN TOLLEY: They will rot and then because you love your plant so much, you will keep watering - just in case it needs it - and that contributes to its death. IAN TOLLEY: Liquid seaweed which helps to boost all the activity in the soil and so make the whole thing a living, active thing for the tree to take advantage of. ", Fertilising is a huge and complicated subject, but Ian has a basic rule for feeding citrus. What's the next step? I usually put in, for instance, a tablespoon in here. IAN TOLLEY: Well, make up your mind that the variety is what you want, get the right rootstock, make sure that you plant it properly, make sure the nutrition is ok and learn to shape the tree - you're there for life. It's normally eaten raw, so you'll find this in spring rolls, food parcels and stir fries. "Ask the plant! And that brings us to the last of Ian's tips for citrus success - pruning. IAN TOLLEY: That's the key behind that and looking back here, you work out where you want to go and you can go straight in. Just keep on planting while that's happening. It's irrigation country where water from the Murray is used to grow beautiful fruit. SOPHIE THOMSON: Wonderful. SOPHIE THOMSON: Ok and how would you do it? COSTA GEORGIADIS: Sophie will be back later in the program with Ian's other two essential tips to keep your citrus alive and healthy. When the temperature starts to go above 14 degrees, you've got root development....soil is warming up. Just keep on planting while that's happening. It's irrigation country, where water from the Murray is used to grow beautiful fruit. SOPHIE THOMSON: This is the Riverland in South Australia - around 260 kilometres north-east of Adelaide. IAN TOLLEY: I am and whilst birthdays keep rolling along, it doesn't diminish my passion for all things citricultural. SOPHIE THOMSON: In 1966, after many years of horticultural study and hands-on experience, Ian won a Churchill Fellowship that took him to orchards in South-east Asia, the USA and Israel where he set about solving citrus growing problems and his work's been recognised with a medal of the order of Australia. We're also going to influence the maturity of the fruit, we're going to improve the quality of the fruit - all of those things are very important - so we need to select the right rootstock for the right area, the right soil, the right climate - all of those factors. Here we go. Here's the result of that..... IAN TOLLEY: Lot's of bushy growth, but a little bit suckering...tending to go well out and be a bit unruly. I was meant to be an engineer in the family tradition and that just didn't happen because I quit just before I graduated. IAN TOLLEY: I don't want to let them grow more than 2 metres. We don't want to flood the plant - then all the fertiliser's gone. Due to the difficulty and slowness in growing Flying Dragon, Citrus varieties grafted onto this variety are usually more expensive. Here's a lovely rootstock and a little graft put in of the variety that someone's selected. That's already in there actually - mixed up - and that locks the fertiliser with the nutrients, in the potting media so that when the start to grow, they can pick it up at any time...cuts the fertiliser use in about half! IAN TOLLEY: Drain it out. SOPHIE THOMSON: So it's a range of different nutrients ranging from boron to zinc....and anything else? "It's regular potting media, with chicken manure with additives - a couple of cupfuls - mixed in. "Whilst birthdays keep rolling along, it doesn't diminish my passion for all things citricultural. Milk paint or whitewash will also have a similar effect, but needs to be applied more frequently. Throw them away," says Ian. We don't want to flood underneath and all the fertiliser's gone. In 1945, a citrus rootstock breeding programme was initiated by Dr. F T Bowman of NSW Agriculture, in an attempt to obtain rootstocks compatible with Eureka lemon that were also Phytophthoraresistant and tolerant of citrus tristeza virus. Mixed up, that locks the fertiliser with the nutrients, in the potting media so that when the start to grow, they can pick it up at any time...cuts the fertiliser use in about half!" One is the rootstock that provides the root system and the other is the tree above the rootstock that provides the fruit. Then we want to make sure it stays there, so here's the magic formula - zeolite. This tree is in its second year. It's not cool, so it's not transpiring,' so you need to water. IAN TOLLEY: Well I was meant to be an engineer in the family tradition and that just didn't happen because I quit just before I graduated and the reason was that my father was beginning to develop an orchard and nursery work and I fell in love with that and I'm still in love with citrus. "Yes, I do - it's just monthly, without fail, summer or winter. Make sure you've got enough water there just to have an odd few drips out of the bottom of your pot. IAN TOLLEY: That's right and we want establish the tree before that happens. Ian also supplements his potting media. Ian became absorbed with growing citrus in his early twenties. It's a rare earth, mined in Australia. Remember - citrus grows fruit on the tip of terminals - that's what we're aiming for - a shape like a pear drop....upside-down pear and that's what we're aiming for. That's it. It's nice to have that opportunity to just explain a little bit about my passion. We purchased citrange rootstock from Rootstock Services to save us time in the germination process. COSTA GEORGIADIS: Jane will be visiting an espalier expert to get the lowdown on giving it a go in your garden. SOPHIE THOMSON: Now you wouldn't have to do that with trees in the ground if they had a canopy that was shading their trunk, would you? ", "Well, thank you so much for having us, Ian," says Sophie. We're aiming to put a root system underneath your variety which is resistant to plant pests and diseases in the soil. SOPHIE THOMSON: Ok, well while it's soaking, can I ask you, what are you using in here. First things first. Is this just normal potting media? But by the end of summer, we need to stop planting because the temperature's going to be cooling and root growth will stop. SOPHIE THOMSON: If you go to the Gardening Australia website, you'll find Ian's guide to identifying the right rootstock for your garden.
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